Preview Questions DevOps | Role Specific Skill

Question 1: You are tasked with securing container images used in your deployment pipeline. What measures do you take?

Which action should you take?

Choose only one option

Scan container images for vulnerabilities using a tool like Clair or Trivy.

Sign and verify container images to ensure their integrity and authenticity.

Use minimal base images and avoid including unnecessary packages or dependencies.

All of the above.

Question 2: You've written a Terraform configuration to provision a set of EC2 instances, but it's failing with an error message indicating that a security group rule is invalid. How do you troubleshoot this?

Which action should you take?

Choose only one option

Review the Terraform configuration file carefully to identify any syntax errors or incorrect references to the security group.

Consult the AWS documentation to verify the correct syntax and allowed values for security group rules.

Use Terraform's terraform validate command to check the configuration for errors before applying it.

Temporarily remove the security group rule from the configuration and retry the Terraform apply to isolate the issue.

Question 3: You are tasked with designing a monitoring and alerting strategy for a highly available and fault-tolerant system with stringent Recovery Time Objectives (RTOs) and Recovery Point Objectives (RPOs). What key considerations do you take into account to ensure minimal downtime and data loss in case of failures?

Which action should you take?

Choose only one option

Implement real-time monitoring and alerting based on critical system metrics and application logs, with thresholds and escalation procedures in place to trigger immediate response to potential issues.

Utilize redundancy and failover mechanisms at multiple levels, including infrastructure, applications, and data, to ensure continuous availability and minimize downtime.

Design and implement a comprehensive backup and recovery strategy, including regular backups, off-site storage, and automated recovery procedures, to meet RPO requirements.

Conduct regular disaster recovery drills and simulations to test the effectiveness of your monitoring, alerting, and recovery procedures, identifying and addressing any gaps or weaknesses.

Question 4: You are leading a team that is adopting a GitOps approach to managing infrastructure and application deployments. How do you ensure a smooth transition and successful implementation?

Which action should you take?

Choose only one option

Define clear Git workflow policies and branching strategies to manage changes effectively.

Implement automated synchronization mechanisms to ensure consistency between Git repositories and the deployed environment.

Provide comprehensive training and support to team members on GitOps principles and practices.

All of the above.

Question 5: You are tasked with improving the observability of your organization's containerized microservices architecture running on Kubernetes. What strategies do you employ to gain deeper insights into application behavior and performance across the distributed system?

Which action should you take?

Choose only one option

Rely on Kubernetes' built-in monitoring and logging capabilities, such as kube-state-metrics and container logs, to collect basic metrics and events.

Integrate third-party monitoring and observability tools specifically designed for Kubernetes, such as Prometheus and Grafana, to gain deeper insights into cluster health and performance.

Instrument your applications with distributed tracing and custom metrics to track requests across microservices and identify potential bottlenecks or latency issues.

Implement a service mesh to provide additional observability features, such as traffic management, security, and tracing, across your microservices architecture.

Question 6: You are responsible for managing and securing sensitive customer data in your organization's cloud infrastructure. You are concerned about the potential risks associated with data breaches and unauthorized access. What strategies do you implement to protect this data and ensure compliance with data privacy regulations?

Which action should you take?

Choose only one option

Encrypt sensitive data at rest and in transit using strong encryption algorithms and key management practices, ensuring that only authorized personnel and services have access to the decryption keys.

Implement data loss prevention (DLP) solutions to monitor and control the movement of sensitive data within your cloud environment, preventing unauthorized exfiltration or sharing.

Conduct regular data privacy impact assessments (DPIAs) to identify and mitigate potential risks to data privacy, ensuring compliance with regulations like GDPR or HIPAA.

Implement a robust incident response plan to address potential data breaches quickly and effectively, minimizing the impact on customers and the organization.